PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.